M. F. Criscitiello and P. De-figueiredo, Fifty Shades of Immune Defense, PLoS Pathogens, vol.108, issue.2, p.1003110, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003110.t002
URL : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003110

J. Kurtz, Memory in the innate and adaptive immune systems, Microbes and Infection, vol.6, issue.15, pp.1410-1417, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.micinf.2004.10.002

B. M. Sadd and P. Schmid-hempel, Insect Immunity Shows Specificity in Protection upon Secondary Pathogen Exposure, Current Biology, vol.16, issue.12, pp.1206-1210, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2006.04.047
URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.04.047

J. Kurtz and K. Franz, Innate defence: Evidence for memory in invertebrate immunity, Nature, vol.425, issue.6953, pp.37-38, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/425037a

J. Rodrigues, F. A. Brayner, L. C. Alves, R. Dixit, and C. Barillas-mury, Hemocyte Differentiation Mediates Innate Immune Memory in Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes, Science, vol.15, issue.13, pp.1353-1355, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.044
URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3510677/pdf

E. L. Cooper, B. Rinkevich, G. Uhlenbruck, and P. Valembois, Invertebrate Immunity: Another Viewpoint, Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, vol.250, issue.3, pp.247-266, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-2011(69)90169-4

J. Portela, Snail, Journal of Innate Immunity, vol.5, issue.3, pp.261-276, 2013.
DOI : 10.1159/000345909
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00790554

P. Schmid-hempel, Natural insect host-parasite systems show immune priming and specificity: puzzles to be solved, BioEssays, vol.14, issue.4, pp.1026-1034, 2005.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182002002470

M. G. Netea and J. W. Van-der-meer, Trained Immunity: An Ancient Way of Remembering, Cell Host & Microbe, vol.21, issue.3, pp.297-300, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chom.2017.02.003

M. G. Netea, Training innate immunity: the changing concept of immunological memory in innate host defence, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.86, issue.8, pp.881-884, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tube.2006.02.001

B. Milutinovic, R. Peuss, K. Ferro, and J. Kurtz, Immune priming in arthropods: an update focusing on the red flour beetle, Zoology, vol.119, issue.4, pp.254-261, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.zool.2016.03.006

J. Contreras-garduno, Insect immune priming: ecology and experimental evidences, Ecological Entomology, vol.8, issue.4, pp.351-366, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0080146

H. J. Tidbury, A. B. Pedersen, and M. Boots, Within and transgenerational immune priming in an insect to a DNA virus, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.5, issue.6, pp.871-876, 2011.
DOI : 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0458

O. Rechavi, G. Minevich, and O. Hobert, Transgenerational Inheritance of an Acquired Small RNA-Based Antiviral Response in C.??elegans, Cell, vol.147, issue.6, pp.1248-1256, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.042

Y. H. Chang, R. Kumar, T. H. Ng, and H. C. Wang, What vaccination studies tell us about immunological memory within the innate immune system of cultured shrimp and crayfish, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2017.03.003

C. Sire, A. Rognon, and A. Theron, Failure of Schistosoma mansoni to reinfect Biomphalaria glabrata snails: acquired humoral resistance or intra-specific larval antagonism?, Parasitology, vol.117, issue.2, pp.117-122, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182098002923

S. Pinaud, A Shift from Cellular to Humoral Responses Contributes to Innate Immune Memory in the Vector Snail Biomphalaria glabrata, PLOS Pathogens, vol.30, issue.1, p.1005361, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005361.s006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259482

D. Salvi and P. Mariottini, (Bivalvia: Ostreidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol.179, pp.263-276, 2017.
DOI : 10.1111/zoj.12455

A. Segarra, Detection and description of a particular Ostreid herpesvirus 1 genotype associated with massive mortality outbreaks of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in France in 2008, Virus Research, vol.153, issue.1, pp.92-99, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.07.011

F. Pernet, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Mass Mortalities in Oysters Is Influenced by Energetic Reserves and Food Quality, PLoS ONE, vol.218, issue.417, 2014.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0088469.s004

C. Martenot, E. Oden, E. Travaille, J. P. Malas, and M. Houssin, Detection of different variants of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas between 2008 and 2010, Virus Research, vol.160, issue.1-2, pp.25-31, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.04.012

T. Zhang, The specifically enhanced cellular immune responses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.45, issue.1, pp.141-150, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.015

Y. Li, The hematopoiesis in gill and its role in the immune response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.71, pp.59-69, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2017.01.024

B. B. Gowen, TLR3 Is Essential for the Induction of Protective Immunity against Punta Toro Virus Infection by the Double-Stranded RNA (dsRNA), Poly(I:C12U), but not Poly(I:C): Differential Recognition of Synthetic dsRNA Molecules, The Journal of Immunology, vol.178, issue.8, pp.5200-5208, 2007.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.178.8.5200
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00165500

L. Alexopoulou, A. C. Holt, R. Medzhitov, and R. A. Flavell, Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3, pp.732-738, 2001.

T. Kawai and S. Akira, The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors, Nature Immunology, vol.1799, issue.5, pp.373-384, 2010.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1179050

V. Gosu, S. Basith, O. P. Kwon, and S. Choi, Therapeutic Applications of Nucleic Acids and Their Analogues in Toll-like Receptor Signaling, Molecules, vol.17, issue.12, pp.13503-13529, 2012.
DOI : 10.3390/molecules171113503

F. Weber, V. Wagner, S. B. Rasmussen, R. Hartmann, and S. R. Paludan, Double-Stranded RNA Is Produced by Positive-Strand RNA Viruses and DNA Viruses but Not in Detectable Amounts by Negative-Strand RNA Viruses, Journal of Virology, vol.80, issue.10, pp.5059-5064, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.80.10.5059-5064.2006
URL : http://jvi.asm.org/content/80/10/5059.full.pdf

M. Pauletto, Long dsRNAs promote an anti-viral response in Pacific oyster hampering ostreid herpesvirus 1 replication, The Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.7, issue.20, 2017.
DOI : 10.1186/s12861-016-0110-4
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01632365

T. J. Green and C. Montagnani, Poly I:C induces a protective antiviral immune response in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against subsequent challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1 ??var), Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.35, issue.2, pp.382-388, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.04.051

T. J. Green, C. Montagnani, K. Benkendorff, N. Robinson, and P. Speck, Ontogeny and water temperature influences the antiviral response of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.36, issue.1, pp.151-157, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.026
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01112530

T. J. Green, K. Helbig, P. Speck, and D. A. Raftos, Primed for success: Oyster parents treated with poly(I:C) produce offspring with enhanced protection against Ostreid herpesvirus type I infection, Molecular Immunology, vol.78, pp.113-120, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.002

A. S. Vanhove, Outer membrane vesicles are vehicles for the delivery of Vibrio tasmaniensis virulence factors to oyster immune cells, Environ Microbiol, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-01054322

M. F. Mian, Length of dsRNA (poly I:C) drives distinct innate immune responses, depending on the cell type, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.94, issue.5, pp.1025-1036, 2013.
DOI : 10.1189/jlb.0312125

C. Fabioux, C. Corporeau, V. Quillien, P. Favrel, and A. Huvet, silencing inhibits germ cell development, FEBS Journal, vol.64, issue.9, pp.2566-2573, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.06982.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00663883

M. S. Shim and Y. J. Kwon, Efficient and targeted delivery of siRNA in???vivo, FEBS Journal, vol.20, issue.23, pp.4814-4827, 2010.
DOI : 10.1021/bc800436v

M. Schlee and G. Hartmann, Discriminating self from non-self in nucleic acid sensing, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.516, issue.9, pp.566-580, 2016.
DOI : 10.1038/cr.2007.81

M. H. Orzalli, cGAS-mediated stabilization of IFI16 promotes innate signaling during herpes simplex virus infection, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.18, issue.5, pp.1773-1781, 2015.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1189801
URL : http://www.pnas.org/content/112/14/E1773.full.pdf

G. N. Barber, Innate immune DNA sensing pathways: STING, AIMII and the regulation of interferon production and inflammatory responses, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.23, issue.1, pp.10-20, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.coi.2010.12.015

M. Yoneyama and T. Fujita, RIG-I family RNA helicases: Cytoplasmic sensor for antiviral innate immunity, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol.18, issue.5-6, pp.545-551, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.06.023

D. Goubau, S. Deddouche, and C. Reis-e-sousa, Cytosolic Sensing of Viruses, Immunity, vol.38, issue.5, pp.855-869, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.007
URL : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.007

A. Dempsey and A. G. Bowie, Innate immune recognition of DNA: A recent history, Virology, vol.479, issue.480, pp.146-152, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virol.2015.03.013

Q. Chen, L. Sun, and Z. J. Chen, Regulation and function of the cGAS???STING pathway of cytosolic DNA sensing, Nature Immunology, vol.17, issue.10, pp.1142-1149, 2016.
DOI : 10.1038/nature18268

M. M. Herbst-kralovetz and R. B. Pyles, Quantification of Poly(I:C)-Mediated Protection against Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection, Journal of Virology, vol.80, issue.20, pp.9988-9997, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.01099-06
URL : http://jvi.asm.org/content/80/20/9988.full.pdf

H. Chen, D. L. Wang, and Y. L. Liu, Poly (I:C) transfection induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in cervical cancer, Molecular Medicine Reports, vol.13, issue.3, pp.2689-2695, 2016.
DOI : 10.3892/mmr.2016.4848

T. J. Green, D. Raftos, P. Speck, and C. Montagnani, Antiviral immunity in marine molluscs, Journal of General Virology, vol.96, issue.9, pp.2471-2482, 2015.
DOI : 10.1099/jgv.0.000244
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259807

G. Zhang, The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation, Nature, vol.10, issue.7418, pp.49-54, 2012.
DOI : 10.3390/ijms10062440

Y. He, Transcriptome analysis reveals strong and complex antiviral response in a mollusc, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.46, issue.1, pp.131-144, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.023

Y. Zhang, F. Yu, J. Li, Y. Tong, and Z. Yu, The first invertebrate RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) homolog gene in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.40, issue.2, pp.466-471, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.07.029

T. J. Green, K. Benkendorff, N. Robinson, D. Raftos, and P. Speck, Anti-viral gene induction is absent upon secondary challenge with double-stranded RNA in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.39, issue.2, pp.492-497, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.010

T. J. Green, J. L. Rolland, A. Vergnes, D. Raftos, and C. Montagnani, OsHV-1 countermeasures to the Pacific oyster's anti-viral response, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.47, issue.1, pp.435-443, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.025

T. J. Green, A. Vergnes, C. Montagnani, and J. De-lorgeril, Distinct immune responses of juvenile and adult oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to viral and bacterial infections, Veterinary Research, vol.41, issue.413, p.72, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.023
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01363949

L. Zhang, Massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in a protostome, Scientific Reports, vol.493, issue.1, p.8693, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/nature11696

T. O. Crisan, M. G. Netea, and L. A. Joosten, Innate immune memory: Implications for host responses to damage-associated molecular patterns, European Journal of Immunology, vol.10, issue.4, pp.817-828, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004485

S. E. Collins and K. L. Mossman, Danger, diversity and priming in innate antiviral immunity, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol.25, issue.5, pp.525-531, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.07.002

V. Barbosa-solomieu, T. Renault, and M. A. Travers, Mass mortality in bivalves and the intricate case of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.131, pp.2-10, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.011

B. Petton, Crassostrea gigas mortality in France: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease, Frontiers in Microbiology, vol.6, p.686, 2015.
DOI : 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00686
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01216445

L. Roux, F. Wegner, K. M. Polz, and M. F. , Oysters and Vibrios as a Model for Disease Dynamics in Wild Animals, Trends in Microbiology, vol.24, issue.7, pp.568-580, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.006

J. A. Melvin and J. M. Bomberger, Compromised Defenses: Exploitation of Epithelial Responses During Viral-Bacterial Co-Infection of the Respiratory Tract, PLOS Pathogens, vol.7, issue.463, p.1005797, 2016.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005797.g001

L. Bakaletz, Viral???bacterial co-infections in the respiratory tract, Current Opinion in Microbiology, vol.35, pp.30-35, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mib.2016.11.003

Y. Moret and M. T. Siva-jothy, Adaptive innate immunity? Responsive-mode prophylaxis in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.270, issue.1532, pp.2475-2480, 2003.
DOI : 10.1098/rspb.2003.2511
URL : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691523/pdf

O. Roth and J. Kurtz, Phagocytosis mediates specificity in the immune defence of an invertebrate, the woodlouse Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda), Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.33, issue.11, pp.1151-1155, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2009.04.005

L. N. Pham, M. S. Dionne, M. Shirasu-hiza, and D. S. Schneider, A Specific Primed Immune Response in Drosophila Is Dependent on Phagocytes, PLoS Pathogens, vol.10, issue.3, p.26, 2007.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030026.sg005

E. De-clercq, Degradation of Poly(inosinic acid) . poly(cytidylic acid) [(I)n . (Cn)] by Human Plasma, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.54, issue.1, pp.165-172, 1979.
DOI : 10.3181/00379727-135-35170

M. Masood, D. A. Raftos, and S. V. Nair, Two Oyster Species That Show Differential Susceptibility to Virus Infection Also Show Differential Proteomic Responses to Generic dsRNA, Journal of Proteome Research, vol.15, issue.6, pp.1735-1746, 2016.
DOI : 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00615

T. Brown and M. Rodriguez-lanetty, Defending against pathogens ??? immunological priming and its molecular basis in a sea anemone, cnidarian, Scientific Reports, vol.112, issue.1, p.17425, 2015.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1513318112
URL : http://www.nature.com/articles/srep17425.pdf

T. J. Green, Oyster viperin retains direct antiviral activity and its transcription occurs via a signalling pathway involving a heatstable hemolymph protein, J Gen Virol, 2015.
DOI : 10.1099/jgv.0.000300
URL : http://jgv.microbiologyresearch.org/deliver/fulltext/jgv/96/12/3587_jgv000300.pdf?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.000300&mimeType=pdf&isFastTrackArticle=

C. Coustau, J. Kurtz, and Y. Moret, A Novel Mechanism of Immune Memory Unveiled at the Invertebrate???Parasite Interface, Trends in Parasitology, vol.32, issue.5, pp.353-355, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pt.2016.02.005
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01315801

Y. C. Lin, Vaccination Enhances Early Immune Responses in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei after Secondary Exposure to Vibrio alginolyticus, PLoS ONE, vol.118, issue.7, p.69722, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0069722.g012
URL : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069722

S. K. Musthaq and J. Kwang, Evolution of specific immunity in shrimp ??? A vaccination perspective against white spot syndrome virus, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.46, issue.2, pp.279-290, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2014.04.013

J. M. Greenwood, Oral immune priming with Bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of Tribolium castaneum larvae, BMC Genomics, vol.57, issue.8, p.329, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2

J. Witteveldt, C. C. Cifuentes, J. M. Vlak, and M. C. Van-hulten, Protection of Penaeus monodon against White Spot Syndrome Virus by Oral Vaccination, Journal of Virology, vol.78, issue.4, pp.2057-2061, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.78.4.2057-2061.2004
URL : http://jvi.asm.org/content/78/4/2057.full.pdf

B. Petton, F. Pernet, R. Robert, and P. Boudry, Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, Aquaculture Environment Interactions, vol.3, issue.3, pp.257-273, 2013.
DOI : 10.3354/aei00070
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00946757

D. Schikorski, Experimental ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: Kinetics of virus DNA detection by q-PCR in seawater and in oyster samples, Virus Research, vol.155, issue.1, pp.28-34, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.07.031

M. Gay, T. Renault, A. M. Pons, and F. Le-roux, Two Vibrio splendidus related strains collaborate to kill Crassostrea gigas: taxonomy and host alterations, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.62, pp.65-74, 2004.
DOI : 10.3354/dao062065
URL : http://www.int-res.com/articles/dao2004/62/d062p065.pdf

S. Corbeil, N. Faury, A. Segarra, and T. Renault, Development of an in situ hybridization assay for the detection of ostreid herpesvirus type 1 mRNAs in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Journal of Virological Methods, vol.211, pp.43-50, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.10.007

S. C. Webb, A. Fidler, and T. Renault, Primers for PCR-based detection of ostreid herpes virus-1 (OsHV-1): Application in a survey of New Zealand molluscs, Aquaculture, vol.272, issue.1-4, pp.126-139, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.07.224

A. J. Davison, A novel class of herpesvirus with bivalve hosts, Journal of General Virology, vol.86, issue.1, pp.41-53, 2005.
DOI : 10.1099/vir.0.80382-0