S. R. Palumbi, Genetic Divergence, Reproductive Isolation, and Marine Speciation, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.25, issue.1, pp.547-572, 1994.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.es.25.110194.002555

N. Knowlton, Sibling Species in the Sea, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.24, issue.1, pp.189-216, 1993.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001201

M. Miya and M. Nishida, Speciation in the open ocean, Nature, vol.389, issue.6653, pp.803-804, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/39774

T. Wirth and L. Bernatchez, Genetic evidence against panmixia in the European eel, Nature, vol.409, issue.6823, pp.1037-1040, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35059079

P. Borsa, Allozyme, mitochondrial-DNA, and morphometric variability indicate cryptic species of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol.75, issue.2, pp.75-261, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1095-8312.2002.00018.x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-01144567

P. J. Whitehead, G. Nelson, and T. Wongratana, Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidae), an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings, part 2 ? Engraulididae, FAO Fisheries Synop, FAO species catalogue, pp.125-305, 1988.

W. S. Grant and B. W. Bowen, Shallow population histories in deep evolutionary lineages of marine fishes: insights from sardines and anchovies and lessons for conservation, Journal of Heredity, vol.89, issue.5, pp.415-426, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/jhered/89.5.415

D. G. Bembo, G. R. Carvalho, N. Cingolani, E. Arneri, G. Giannetti et al., Allozymic and morphometric evidence for two stocks of the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus in Adriatic waters, Marine Biology, vol.16, issue.2, pp.126-529, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00354635

A. Magoulas, N. Tsimenides, and E. Zouros, Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny and the reconstruction of the population history of a species: the case of the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol.13, issue.1, pp.13-178, 1996.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025554

J. Thioulouse, D. Chessel, S. Dolédec, and J. Olivier, ADE-4: a multivariate analysis and graphical display software, Statistics and Computing, vol.7, issue.1, pp.75-83, 1997.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1018513530268

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00434994

B. S. Weir and C. C. Cockerham, Estimating F-Statistics for the Analysis of Population Structure, Evolution, vol.38, issue.6, pp.38-1358, 1984.
DOI : 10.2307/2408641

S. Chow and H. Takeyama, Intron length variation observed in the creatine kinase and ribosomal protein genes of the swordfish Xiphias gladius, Fisheries Sci, pp.397-402, 1998.

S. Palumbi, A. Martin, S. Romano, W. O. Mcmillan, L. Stice et al., The simple fool's guide to PCR, version 2.0, 1991.

R. R. Sokal and F. J. Rohlf, Biometry, the principles and practice of statistics in biological research, 1995.

K. Belkhir, P. Borsa, N. Raufaste, L. Chikhi, and F. Bonhomme, GENETIX version 4.02, logiciel sous WINDOWS? pour la génétique des populations, Laboratoire Génome et Populations, 2000.

T. A. Hall, BIOEDIT: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for WINDOWS 95, NT Nucl. Acids Symp. Ser, vol.98, pp.41-95, 1999.

N. H. Barton, Gene flow past a cline, Heredity, vol.43, issue.3, pp.333-339, 1979.
DOI : 10.1038/hdy.1979.86

N. H. Barton, The effects of linkage and density-dependent regulation on gene flow, Heredity, vol.57, issue.3, pp.415-426, 1986.
DOI : 10.1038/hdy.1986.142

D. G. Bembo, G. R. Carvalho, N. Cingolani, and T. J. Pitcher, Electrophoretic analysis of stock structure in Northern Mediterranean anchovies,Engraulis encrasicolus, ICES Journal of Marine Science, vol.53, issue.1, pp.53-115, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/jmsc.1996.0011

T. Funamoto and I. Aoki, Reproductive ecology of Japanese anchovy off the Pacific coast of eastern Honshu, Japan, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.61, issue.1, pp.154-169, 2002.
DOI : 10.1006/jfbi.1999.0932

L. Motos, A. Uriarte, and V. Valencia, The spawning environment of the Bay of Biscay anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L, Sci. Mar. 60 suppl, pp.117-140, 1996.

A. K. Chashchin, The Black Sea population of anchovy, Sci. Mar, vol.60, issue.2, pp.219-225, 1996.

W. N. Eschmeyer, Catalog of fishes, California Academy of Sciences, 1998.

N. Pasteur and P. Berrebi, Structure génétique des populations naturelles d'animaux laguno-marins sur des bases de génétique biochimique et d'écologie (Contrat n° 83, 0024 du Ministère de la Recherche, Direction du Développement Scientifique et Technologique et de l'Innovation), Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 1985.

S. Tudela, J. L. García-marín, and C. Pla, Genetic structure of the European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus l., in the north-west Mediterranean, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.234, issue.1, pp.234-95, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-0981(98)00142-7

D. G. Bembo, G. R. Carvalho, M. Snow, N. Cingolani, and T. J. Pitcher, Stock discrimination among European anchovies, Engraulis encrasicolus, by means of PCR-amplified mitochondrial DNA analysis, Fishery Bull. U. S, pp.94-125, 1995.

D. Levi, M. G. Andreoli, E. Arneri, G. Gianetti, and P. Rizzo, Otolith reading as a tool for stock identification, Fisheries Res, pp.97-107, 1994.

J. Lee and C. Juge, Observations morphologiques et biologiques sur les anchois (Engraulis encrassicholus) du golfe du Lion, Rapp. P.-V. Réun. Comm. Int. Explor Sci. Mer Méd, vol.18, pp.221-224, 1965.