F. Driouech, Distribution des précipitations hivernales sur le Maroc dans le cadre d'un changement climatique: Descente d'échelle et incertitudes, Ph.D. Dissertation , Institut National Polytechnique de, 2010.

H. M. Taylor, W. R. Jordan, and T. R. Sinclair, Limitations to efficient water use in crop production, 1983.

J. T. Musick, O. R. Jones, B. A. Stewart, and D. A. Dusek, Water-Yield Relationships for Irrigated and Dryland Wheat in the U.S. Southern Plains, Agronomy Journal, vol.86, issue.6, pp.980-986, 1994.
DOI : 10.2134/agronj1994.00021962008600060010x

T. Oweis, M. Pala, and J. Ryan, Stabilizing Rainfed Wheat Yields with Supplemental Irrigation and Nitrogen in a Mediterranean Climate, Agronomy Journal, vol.90, issue.5, pp.672-681, 1998.
DOI : 10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000050017x

G. A. El-rahman, Water use efficiency of wheat under drip irrigation systems at Al-Maghara area, North Sinai, Egypt. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, vol.5, pp.664-670, 2009.

R. G. Allen, L. A. Pereira, D. Raes, and M. Smith, Crop evapotranspiration. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998.

R. G. Allen, Using the FAO-56 dual crop coefficient method over an irrigated region as part of an evapotranspiration intercomparison study, Journal of Hydrology, vol.229, issue.1-2, pp.27-4110, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00194-8

R. G. Allen, L. S. Pereira, M. Smith, D. Raes, and J. L. Wrigh, Dual Crop Coefficient Method for Estimating Evaporation from Soil and Application Extensions, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, vol.131, issue.1, pp.733-94371, 2005.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2005)131:1(2)

D. J. Hunsaker, P. J. Pinter, . Jr, and B. A. Kimball, Wheat basal crop coefficients determined by normalized difference vegetation index, Irrigation Science, vol.22, issue.4, pp.1-14, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s00271-005-0001-0

T. A. Paço, M. I. Ferreira, and N. Conceiçao, Peach orchard evapotranspiration in a sandy soil: Comparison between eddy covariance measurements and estimates by the FAO 56 approach, Agricultural Water Management, vol.85, issue.3, pp.305-313, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2006.05.014

S. Er-raki, G. Chehbouni, N. Guemouria, B. Duchemin, J. Ezzahar et al., Combining FAO-56 model and ground-based remote sensing to estimate water consumptions of wheat crops in a semi-arid region, Agricultural Water Management, vol.87, issue.1, pp.41-54, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2006.02.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-00389379

S. Er-raki, A. Chehbouni, J. Hoedjes, J. Ezzahar, B. Duchemin et al., Improvement of FAO-56 method for olive orchards through sequential assimilation of thermal infrared-based estimates of ET, Agricultural Water Management, vol.95, issue.3, pp.309-321, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2007.10.013

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00277005

S. Er-raki, A. Chehbouni, N. Guemouria, J. Ezzahar, S. Khabba et al., Citrus orchard evapotranspiration: Comparison between eddy covariance measurements and the FAO-56 approach estimates, Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, vol.143, issue.1, pp.201-20810, 1080.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.04.008

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-00491164

S. Er-raki, A. Chehbouni, and B. Duchemin, Combining Satellite Remote Sensing Data with the FAO-56 Dual Approach for Water Use Mapping In Irrigated Wheat Fields of a Semi-Arid Region, Remote Sensing, vol.2, issue.1, pp.375-38710, 2010.
DOI : 10.3390/rs2010375

S. Er-raki, A. Chehbouni, G. Boulet, and D. G. Williams, Using the dual approach of FAO-56 for partitioning ET into soil and plant components for olive orchards in a semi-arid region, Agricultural Water Management, vol.97, issue.11, pp.1769-1778, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2010.06.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-00667360

M. P. González-dugo and L. Mateos, Spectral vegetation indices for benchmarking water productivity of irrigated cotton and sugarbeet crops Agricultural Water Management, 2008.

Y. Liu and Y. Luo, A consolidated evaluation of the FAO-56 dual crop coefficient approach using the lysimeter data in the North China Plain, Agricultural Water Management, vol.97, issue.1, pp.31-40, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.07.003

P. K. Singh, A. K. Mishra, and M. Imtiyaz, Moisture stress and the water use efficiency of mustard, Agricultural Water Management, vol.20, issue.3, pp.245-2530378, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-3774(91)90021-A

H. Zhang and T. Oweis, Water-yield relations and optimal irrigation scheduling of wheat in the Mediterranean region Agricultural Water Management, pp.195-211, 1999.

Y. Liang, S. Kang, and Z. Liang, Crop water production function and water supply model of winter wheat on Loess Plateau of China (in Chinese) Progress in Geography, pp.55-61, 1998.

S. Kang, L. Zhang, Y. Liang, H. Cai, T. R. Mcvicar et al., Effects of limited irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China, Regional Water and Soil Assessment for Managing Sustainable Agriculture in China and Australia Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, pp.105-116, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-3774(01)00180-9

B. Duchemin, R. Hadria, S. Er-raki, G. Boulet, P. Maisongrande et al., Monitoring wheat phenology and irrigation in Central Morocco: On the use of relationships between evapotranspiration, crops coefficients, leaf area index and remotely-sensed vegetation indices, Agricultural Water Management, vol.79, issue.1, pp.1-27, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2005.02.013

J. W. Rouse, R. H. Haas, J. A. Schell, D. W. Deering, and J. C. Harlan, Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation of natural vegetation, pp.1-371, 1974.

R. D. Jackson, P. J. Pinter, R. J. Reginato, and S. Idso, Detection and Evaluation of Plant Stresses for Crop Management Decisions, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol.24, issue.1, pp.99-106, 1986.
DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.1986.289690

G. Harris, Irrigation: Water balance scheduling. DPI & FNotes, Department Primary Industries & Fisheries, pp.1-6, 2004.

G. Hussain, A. A. Jaloud, S. F. Al-shammary, and S. Karimulla, Effect of saline irrigation on the biomass yield, and the protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium composition of alfalfa in a pot experiment, Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol.5, issue.11, pp.2389-24081001904169509365073, 1080.
DOI : 10.2307/2437434

W. Bausch, N. , and C. M. , spectral Inputs Improve Corn Crop Coefficients and Irrigation Scheduling, Transactions of the ASAE, vol.32, issue.6, pp.1901-1908, 1989.
DOI : 10.13031/2013.31241

P. Gate, A. Bouthier, and J. L. Monier, La tolérance à la sécheresse, une réalité à valoriser, Perspectives in Agriculture, vol.169, pp.62-67, 1992.

H. V. Eck, Winter Wheat Response to Nitrogen and Irrigation, Agronomy Journal, vol.80, issue.6, 1988.
DOI : 10.2134/agronj1988.00021962008000060013x

T. A. Howell, J. L. Steiner, A. D. Schneider, and S. R. Evett, Evapotranspiration of Irrigated Winter Wheat ?? Southern High Plains, Transactions of the ASAE, vol.38, issue.3, pp.745-759, 1995.
DOI : 10.13031/2013.27888

H. Wang, L. Zhang, W. R. Dawes, and C. Liu, Improving water use efficiency of irrigated crops in the North China Plain ??? measurements and modelling, Agricultural Water Management, vol.48, issue.2, pp.151-167, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-3774(00)00118-9

H. Y. Sun, C. M. Liu, X. Y. Zhang, Y. J. Shen, and Y. Q. Zhang, Effects of irrigation on water balance, yield and WUE of winter wheat in the North China Plain, Agricultural Water Management, vol.85, issue.1-2, pp.211-218, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.agwat.2006.04.008

X. Zhang, S. Chen, M. Liu, D. Pei, and H. Sun, Improved Water Use Efficiency Associated with Cultivars and Agronomic Management in the North China Plain, Agronomy Journal, vol.97, issue.3, pp.783-790, 2005.
DOI : 10.2134/agronj2004.0194