R. A. Becker, J. M. Chambers, and A. R. Wilks, The New S Language, 1988.

M. A. Butler, T. W. Schoener, and J. B. Losos, The relationships between sexual size dimorphism and habitat use in Greater Antillean Anolis lizards, Evolution, vol.54, pp.259-272, 2000.

W. A. Calder and . Iii, Ecological scaling: mammals and birds, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst, vol.14, pp.213-230, 1983.

J. M. Cheverud, M. M. Dow, and W. Leutenegger, The quantitative assessment of phylogenetic constraints in comparative analyses: sexual dimorphism in body weight among primates, Evolution, vol.39, pp.1335-1351, 1985.

C. Darwin, On the origin of species by means of natural selection, 1859.

R. Díaz-uriarte and T. Garland, Testing hypotheses of correlated evolution using phylogenetically independent contrasts: sensitivity to deviations from Brownian-motion, Syst. Biol, vol.45, pp.27-47, 1996.

J. Felsenstein, Phylogenies and the comparative method, Am. Nat, vol.125, pp.1-15, 1985.

J. Felsenstein, Phylip (Phylogeny Inference Package) version 3.5c, 1993.

T. Garland, . Jr, and A. R. Ives, Using the past to predict the present: confidence intervals for regression equations in phylogenetic comparative methods, Am. Nat, vol.155, pp.346-364, 2000.

J. L. Gittleman and M. Kot, Adaptation: statistics and a null model for estimating phylogenetic effects, Syst. Zool, vol.39, pp.227-241, 1990.

A. Grafen, The phylogenetic regression, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, vol.326, pp.119-156, 1989.

A. Grafen and M. Ridley, Statistical tests for discrete cross-species data, J. theor. Biol, vol.183, pp.255-267, 1996.

A. Grafen and M. Ridley, A new model for discrete character evolution, J. theor. Biol, vol.184, pp.7-14, 1997.

P. H. Harvey and A. Rambaud, Phylogenetic extinction rates and comparative methodology, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, vol.265, pp.1691-1696, 1998.

D. Haydon and H. Steen, The effects of large-and small-scale random events on the synchrony of metapopulation dynamics: a theoretical analysis, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, vol.264, pp.1375-1381, 1997.

N. J. Horton and S. R. Lipsitz, Review of software to fit generalized estimating equation regression models, Am. Stat, vol.53, pp.160-169, 1999.

R. Ihaka and R. Gentleman, R: a language for data analysis and graphics, J. Comput. Graph. Statist, vol.5, pp.299-314, 1996.

B. E. Kendall, O. N. Bjørnstad, J. Bascompte, T. H. Keitt, and W. F. Fagan, , 2000.

, Dispersal, environmental correlation, and spatial synchrony in population dynamics, Am. Nat, vol.155, pp.628-636

R. Lande, S. Engen, and B. Saether, Spatial scale of population synchrony: environmental correlation versus dispersal and density regulation, Am. Nat, vol.154, pp.271-181, 1999.

K. Liang and S. L. Zeger, Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models, Biometrika, vol.73, pp.13-22, 1986.

K. Liang, S. L. Zeger, and B. Qaqish, Multivariate regression analyses for categorical data (with discussion), J. R. Statist. Soc. B, vol.54, pp.3-40, 1992.

M. Lynch, Methods for the analysis of comparative data in evolutionary biology, Evolution, vol.45, pp.1065-1080, 1991.

L. A. Mancl and T. A. Derouen, A covariance estimator for GEE with improved small-sample properties, Biometrics, vol.57, pp.126-134, 2001.

E. P. Martins, T. Garland, and . Jr, Phylogenetic analyses of the correlated evolution of continuous characters: a simulation study, Evolution, vol.45, pp.534-557, 1991.

E. P. Martins and T. F. Hansen, Phylogenies and the comparative method: a general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data, Am. Nat, vol.149, pp.646-667, 1997.

P. Mccullagh and J. A. Nelder, Generalized linear models, 1989.

B. D. Mccullough, Assessing the reliability of statistical software: Part I, Am. Stat, vol.52, pp.358-366, 1998.

B. D. Mccullough, Assessing the reliability of statistical software: Part II, Am. Stat, vol.53, pp.149-159, 1999.

M. Pagel, Detecting correlated evolution on phylogenies: a general method for the comparative analysis of discrete characters, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, vol.255, pp.37-445, 1994.

J. Palmgren, Exponential family models and statistical genetics, Stat. Meth. Med. Res, vol.9, pp.57-72, 2000.

E. Paradis, S. R. Baillie, W. J. Sutherland, and R. D. Gregory, Dispersal and spatial scale affect synchrony in spatial population dynamics, Ecol. Lett, vol.2, pp.114-120, 1999.

R. H. Peters, The ecological implications of body size, 1983.

A. Purvis, T. Garland, and . Jr, Polytomies in comparative analyses of continuous characters, Syst. Biol, vol.42, pp.569-575, 1993.

A. F. Read and S. Nee, Inference from binary comparative data, J. theor. Biol, vol.173, pp.99-108, 1995.

F. J. Rohlf, Comparative methods for the analysis of continuous variables: geometric interpretations, Evolution, vol.55, pp.2143-2160, 2001.

K. Schmidt-nielsen, Scaling: why is animal size important? Cambridge, 1984.

C. G. Sibley and J. E. Ahlquist, Phylogeny and classification of birds: a study in molecular evolution, 1990.

B. Sillén-tullberg, The effect of biased inclusion of taxa on the correlation between discrete characters in phylogenetic trees, Evolution, vol.47, pp.1182-1191, 1993.

R. W. Wedderburn, Quasi-likelihood functions, generalized linear models, and the Gauss-Newton method, Biometrika, vol.61, pp.439-447, 1974.