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Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems
Merbold L., Ardo J., Arneth A., Scholes R.J., Nouvellon Y., De Grandcourt A., Archibald S., Bonnefond J.M., Boulain N., Bruemmer C. et al
Biogeosciences Discussions 5 (2008) 4071-4105 - http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00392102
Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture
Sciences du Vivant/Ecologie, Environnement/Ecosystèmes
Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems
L. Merbold ( ) 1, J. Ardo 2, A. Arneth () 3, R.J. Scholes 4, Yann Nouvellon 5, A. De Grandcourt 6, S. Archibald 7, J. M. Bonnefond 8, Nicolas Boulain () 9, C. Bruemmer 10, N. Brueggemann 10, B. Cappelaere () 9, Eric Ceschia 11, H.A.M. El Khidir 12, B.A. El Tahir 12, U. Falk 13, J. Lloyd () 14, L. Kergoat 11, V. Le Dantec 11, E. Mougin 11, M. Muchinda 15, M.M. Mukelabai 15, D. Ramier 9, Olivier Roupsard () 6, F. Timouk 11, E.M. Veenendaal 16, W. L. Kutsch () 1
1 :  MPI
MPI
MPI for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Allemagne
2 :  Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis
Department
Lund University Sölvegatan 12 223 62 Lund
Suède
3 :  Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis
Geobiosphere Science Centre
Suède
4 :  Natural Resources and the Environment (CSIR)
CSIR
P.O. Box 395 Pretoria South Africa
Afrique Du Sud
5 :  UPR Ecosystèmes des plantations
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] : UPR80
CIRAD, Avenue Agropolis, TA B-80/01, Montpellier Cedex 2, 34398, France
France
6 :  Fonctionnement et pilotage des écosystèmes de plantations (Ecosystèmes de plantations)
http://www.cirad.fr/ur/ecosystemes_plantations
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] : UPR80
Campus international de Baillarguet - TA 10 / D - 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5
France
7 :  Natural Resources and the Environment (CSIR)
scir
P.O. Box 395 Pretoria South Africa
France
8 :  EPHYSE
Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA)
France
9 :  Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM)
http://www.msem.univ-montp2.fr/umrhydro.php3
CNRS : UMR5569 – Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] – Université Montpellier II - Sciences et techniques
Univ. Montpellier II - Case MSE Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 MONTPELLIER CEDEX 5
France
10 :  Atmospheric Chemistry Department
http://www.atmosphere.mpg.de/enid/2.html
Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry (MPI-CH)
P.O. Box 3060 55020 Mainz
Allemagne
11 :  Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO)
http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr
CNRS : UMR5126 – Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] – CNES – Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées – INSU – Université Paul Sabatier [UPS] - Toulouse III
bpi 2801 18 Av Edouard Belin 31401 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4
France
12 :  Agricultural Research Cooperation
Agricultural Research Cooperation
El Obeid Research Station P.O. Box 429 51 111 El Obeid - Sudan
Soudan
13 :  Department of Ecology and Resource Management
Department of Ecology
Center for Development Research University of Bonn Bonn Germany
Allemagne
14 :  Earth and Biosphere Institute
School of Geography
Royaume-Uni
15 :  Zambia Meteorological Department
Department Meteorological
Haile Sellasie Avenue City AAirport P.O. Box 30200 10 101 Lusaka - zambia
Zambie
16 :  Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group
Nature Conservation
Wageningen University Droevendaalse Steeg 3a, 6708 PD Wageningen The Netherlands
Pays-Bas
This study reports carbon and water fluxes between the land surface and atmosphere in eleven different ecosystems types in Sub-Saharan Africa, as measured using eddy covariance (EC) technology in the first two years of the CarboAfrica network operation. The ecosystems for which data were available ranged in mean annual rainfall from 320mm (Sudan) to 1150mm (The Republic of Congo) and include a spectrum of vegetation types (or land cover) (open savannas, woodlands, croplands and grasslands). Given the shortness of the record, the EC data were analysed across the network rather than longitudinally at sites, in order to understand the driving factors for ecosystem respiration and carbon assimilation, and to reveal the different water use strategies in these highly seasonal environments. Values for maximum net carbon assimilation rates (photosynthesis) ranged from 12 μmolCO2 m−2 s−1 in a dry, open Acacia savanna (C3-plants) up to 40 μmolCO2 m−2 s−1 for a tropical moist grassland. Maximum carbon assimilation rates were highly correlated with mean annual rainfall (R2=0.89). Maximum photosynthetic uptake rates were positively related to satellite-derived fAPAR. Ecosystem respiration was dependent on temperature at all sites, and was additionally dependent on soil water content at sites receiving less than 1000mm of rain per year. All included ecosystems, except the Congolese grassland, showed a strong decrease in 30-min assimilation rates with increasing water vapour pressure deficit above 2.0 kPa.
Anglais

Biogeosciences Discussions
Publisher European Geosciences Union (EGU)
ISSN 1810-6277 (eISSN : 1810-6285)
non spécifiée
2008
5
4071-4105

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Merbold_et_Al_bgd-5-4071-2008.pdf(5.5 MB)