N. Alexandratos and J. Bruinsma, , 2012.

, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (Available at

M. A. Altieri, Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture, 1995.

M. A. Altieri, C. I. Nicholls, A. Henao, and M. A. Lana, Agroecology and the design of climate change-resilient farming systems. Agronomy for sustainable development, vol.35, pp.869-890, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01309778

C. R. Anderson, J. Bruil, M. J. Chappell, C. Kiss, and M. P. Pimbert, From transition to domains of transformation: Getting to sustainable and just food systems through agroecology, Sustainability, issue.19, p.11, 2019.

E. K. Antwi, K. Otsuki, S. Osamu, F. K. Obeng, K. A. Gyekye et al., Developing a community-based resilience assessment model with reference to Northern Ghana, IDRiM Journal, vol.4, pp.73-92, 2014.

, Biovision Foundation for Ecological Development & International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems

, Money Flows: What is holding back investment in agroecological research for Africa? Biovision Foundation for Ecological Development & International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems, Biovision Foundation for Ecological Development & IPES-Food. 2020

D. Cash, A. W. Berkes, F. Garden, P. Lebel, L. Olsson et al., Scale and Cross-Scale Dynamics: Governance and Information in a Multilevel World, Ecology and Society, vol.11, issue.2, 2006.

M. Darmaun, F. Leippert, M. Bernoux, and M. Mpheshea, The potential of agroecology to build sustainable livelihoods and resilient food, 2020.

M. Duru, O. Therond, G. Martin, R. Martin-clouaire, M. A. Magne et al., How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol.35, pp.1259-1281, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01330032

M. Duru, O. Therond, and M. Fares, Designing agroecological transitions: A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol.35, pp.1237-1257, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340332

S. H. Eriksen, L. K. Cramer, I. Vetrhus, and P. Thornton, Can climate interventions open-up space for transformation? Examining the case of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in Uganda, Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, vol.3, p.111, 2019.

. Fao, Climate-smart agriculture sourcebook, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (Available at, 2013.

, The FAO Strategy on Climate Change

. Fao, The 10 elements of agroecology: Guiding the transition to sustainable food and agricultural systems, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (Available at, 2018.

. Fao, The Ten Elements of Agroecology, guiding the transition to sustainable food and agricultural systems, COAG, 2019.

F. W. Geels, Technological transitions as evolutionary reconfiguration processes: a multilevel perspective and a case-study, Research Policy, vol.31, pp.257-1274, 2002.

F. W. Geels, Processes and patterns in transitions and system innovations: Refining the co-evolutionary multi-level perspective, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol.72, issue.6, pp.681-696, 2005.

S. R. Gliessman, Agroecology and agroecosystems. Agroecosystems analysis, vol.43, pp.19-29, 2004.

S. R. Gliessman, Agroecology: the ecology of sustainable food systems, 2007.

S. R. Gliessman, Transforming food systems with agroecology. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, vol.40, pp.187-189, 2016.

T. Gumucio, J. Twyman, and M. Clavijo, Gendered Perspectives of Trees on Farms in Nicaragua: Considerations for Agroforestry, Coffee Cultivation, and Climate Change, 2017.

T. Gumucio, M. Alves, N. Orentlicher, H. Ceballos, and M. C. , Analysis of gender research on forest, tree and agroforestry value chains in Latin America. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, vol.27, pp.69-85, 2018.

C. A. Harvey, M. Chacón, C. I. Donatti, E. Garen, L. Hannah et al., Climate-smart landscapes: opportunities and challenges for integrating adaptation and mitigation in tropical agriculture, Conservation Letters, vol.7, pp.77-90, 2014.

A. Havet, X. Coquil, J. L. Fiorelli, A. Gibond, G. Martel et al., Review of livestock farmer adaptations to increase forages in crop rotations in western France, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, vol.190, pp.120-127, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01198207

S. B. Hill, Redesigning agroecosystems for environmental sustainability: a deep systems approach, Systems Research, vol.15, pp.391-402, 1998.

. Hlpe, Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition. A report by the High-Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, 2019.

M. Howlett and J. Rayner, Design principles for policy mixes: Cohesion and coherence in 'new governance arrangements, Policy and Society, vol.26, issue.4, pp.1-18, 2007.

. Ipes-food, From uniformity to diversity: a paradigm shift from industrial agriculture to diversified agroecological systems. International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food systems, 2016.

R. Jagustovi?, R. B. Zougmore?, A. Kessler, C. J. Ritsema, S. Keesstra et al., Contribution of systems thinking and complex adaptive system attributes to sustainable food production: Example from a climate-smart village, Agricultural Systems, vol.171, pp.65-75, 2019.

L. Coq, J. F. Sabourin, E. , M. De-castro, C. Howland et al., Comparative dynamics of integration of climate change issue in policies for agricultural sector in Latin America and Caribe, 2019.

C. Mbow, C. Rosenzweig, L. G. Barioni, T. G. Benton, M. Herrero et al., Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, Shukla PR, 2019.

J. Mockshell, M. Villarino, and J. Eliza, Agroecological intensification: potential and limitations to achieving food security and sustainability, Reference Module in Food Science: Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability, vol.3, pp.64-74, 2018.

N. Mugwanya, Why agroecology is a dead end for Africa, Outlook on Agriculture, vol.48, issue.2, pp.113-116, 2019.

M. Oue?draogo, S. T. Partey, R. B. Zougmore?, M. Derigubah, D. Sanogo et al., Mainstreaming gender and social differentiation into CCAFS research activities in West Africa: lessons learned and perspectives, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). (Available at, 2018.

S. Saj, E. Torquebiau, E. Hainzelin, J. Pages, and F. Maraux, The way forward: An agroecological perspective for Climate-Smart Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, vol.250, pp.20-24, 2017.

S. J. Scherr, S. Shames, and R. Friedman, From climate-smart agriculture to climate-smart landscapes, Agriculture & Food Security, issue.12, p.1, 2012.

F. Sinclair, A. Wezel, C. Mbow, S. Chomba, V. Robiglio et al., The Contribution of Agroecological Approaches to Realizing Climate-Resilient Agriculture, 2019.

M. St-louis, J. Schlickenrieder, and M. Bernoux, The Koronivia Joint Work on agriculture and the convention bodies: an overview, 2018.

M. Richards, T. B. Bruun, B. Campbell, L. E. Gregersen, S. Huyer et al., How countries plan to address agricultural adaptation and mitigation: An analysis of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, 2016.

D. Copenhagen, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

R. B. Zougmoré, S. T. Partey, E. Totin, M. Ouédraogo, P. Thornton et al., Science-policy interfaces for sustainable climate-smart agriculture uptake: lessons learnt from national science-policy dialogue platforms in West Africa, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, vol.17, issue.5, pp.367-382, 2019.

A. Waters-bayer, P. Kristjanson, C. Wettasinha, L. Van-veldhuizen, G. Quiroga et al., Exploring the impact of farmer-led research supported by civil society organisations, Agriculture & Food Security, vol.4, pp.1-7, 2015.

A. Wezel, S. Bellon, T. Doré, C. Francis, D. Vallod et al., Agroecology as a science, a movement and a practice. A review. Agronomy for sustainable development, vol.29, pp.503-515, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00886499

A. Wezel and E. Silva, Agroecology and agroecological cropping practices. Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture: principles, applications, and making the transition, London: World Scientific, pp.19-50, 2017.

T. A. Wise, Opinion in sustainable agriculture: Agroecology as Innovation, 2019.