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AMMA-CATCH, a critical zone observatory in West Africa monitoring a megion in transition

Sylvie Galle 1 M. Grippa 2 I. Bouzou Moussa 3 B. Cappelaere 4 J. Demarty 4 E. Mougin 5 G. Panthou 1 P. Adjomayi 6 A. Bâ 7 M. Boucher 1 J- Cohard 1 Marc Descloitres 1 Luc Descroix 8 Malam Abdou 9 Oumarou Malam-Issa 10 E. Agbossou 11 M. Cohard 12 B. Sambou 13 J-M Vouillamoz 12 J-P Chazarin 4 A. Mamane 10 C. Peugeot 4 M. Diawara 14 M. Dossou 6 G. Favreau 4 F. Gangneron 15 M. Gosset 1 B. Hector 1 P. Hiernaux 16 B. Issoufou 17 L. Kergoat 18 E. Lawin 11 T. Lebel 19 A. Legchenko 1 O. Malam-Issa 10 O. Mamadou 11 Y. Nazoumou 3 T. Pellarin 1 G. Quantin 12 J. Seghieri 4 L. Seguis 4 J. Vandervaere 1 T. Vischel 1 M. Vouillamoz 1 A. Zannou 6 S. Afouda 1 A. Alhassane 1 M. Arjounin 1 H. Ba 14 R. Biron 1 F. Cazenave 1 V. Chaffard 14 H. Guyard 1 A. Koné 1 I. Mainassara 4 M. Oi 4 T. Ouani 1 N. Soumaguel 20 M. Wubda 1 E. Ago 11 C. Alle 1, 11 A. Allies 4 F. Arpin-Pont 4 B. Awessou 4, 11 C. Cassé 2 G. Charvet 4 C. Dardel 2 A. Depeyre 1 B. Diallo 21 T. Do 22 C. Fatras 2 F. Frappart 5 L. Gal 23 T. Gascon 1 F. Gibon 24 I. Guiro 13 A. Ingatan 1 Jean Kempf 1 O. Kotchoni 1 M. Lawson 1 Crystèle Léauthaud 25 S. Louvet 1 E. Mason 1 C. Nguyen 26 B. Perrimond 1 C. Pierre 2 A. Richard E. Robert 2 C. Román-Cascón 1 C. Velluet 4 C. Wilcox 1
1 IGE - Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement
2 GET - Géosciences Environnement Toulouse
3 Université Abdou Moumouni [Niamey]
4 HSM - Hydrosciences Montpellier
5 CESBIO - Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère
6 DGEau - Direction Générale de l'Eau [Bénin]
7 Université des sciences, des techniques et des technologies de Bamako
8 PALOC - Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance
9 Université de Zinder - University of Zinder [Zinder, Niger]
10 IRD Représentation du Niger
11 UAC - Université d’Abomey-Calavi
12 IGE - Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement
13 UCAD - Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal]
14 USTTB - Université des sciences, des techniques et des technologies de Bamako
15 LA - Laboratoire d'aérologie
16 LMTG - Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie
17 UDDM - Université Dan Dicko Dan koulodo de Maradi
18 INS - Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes
19 IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
20 IRD [Guinée] - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
21 LMD - Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
22 UCLA - University of California [Los Angeles]
23 IBCP - Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon]
24 BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques
25 UMR LISAH - Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème
26 IRCELYON - Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon
Abstract : West Africa is a region in fast transition from climate, demography, and land use perspectives. In this context, the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA)-Couplage de l'Atmosphere Tropicale et du Cycle eco-Hydrologique (CATCH) long-term regional observatory was developed to monitor the impacts of global change on the critical zone of West Africa and to better understand its current and future dynamics. The observatory is organized into three thematic axes, which drive the observation and instrumentation strategy: (i) analyze the long-term evolution of eco-hydrosystems from a regional perspective; (ii) better understand critical zone processes and their variability; and (iii) meet socioeconomic and development needs. To achieve these goals, the observatory has gathered data since 1990 from four densely instrumented mesoscale sites (similar to 10(4) km(2) each), located at different latitudes (Benin, Niger, Mali, and Senegal) so as to sample the sharp eco-climatic gradient that is characteristic of the region. Simultaneous monitoring of the vegetation cover and of various components of the water balance at these four sites has provided new insights into the seemingly paradoxical eco-hydrological changes observed in the Sahel during the last decades: groundwater recharge and/ or runoff intensification despite rainfall deficit and subsequent re-greening with still increasing runoff. Hydrological processes and the role of certain key landscape features are highlighted, as well as the importance of an appropriate description of soil and subsoil characteristics. Applications of these scientific results for sustainable development issues are proposed. Finally, detecting and attributing eco-hydrological changes and identifying possible regime shifts in the hydrologic cycle are the next challenges that need to be faced.
Keywords : CLIMATE-CHANGE LAND-SURFACE HARD-ROCK AQUIFERS WATER STORAGE CHANGES GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION MONSOON MULTIDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS
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Submitted on : Wednesday, January 27, 2021 - 1:49:37 PM
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INSU | UNIV-TLSE3 | INRA | METEO | UNIV-AG | OMP-CESBIO | OMP-GET | OMP-LA | AGROPOLIS | UNIV-LYON1 | INC-CNRS | UNIV-MONTPELLIER | OMP | IRCELYON | HSM | UNIV-AMU | MNHN | UNICAEN | UGA | CNRS | UDL | INRAE | MONTPELLIER-SUPAGRO | B3ESTE | COMUE-NORMANDIE | IRD | BOREA | IGE | INRAEOCCITANIEMONTPELLIER | PALOC | SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE | SU-SCIENCES | SU-TI | PSL | X-LMD | ENS-PARIS | X | ENPC | LMD | X-DEP-MECA | ENPC-LMD | PARISTECH

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Sylvie Galle, M. Grippa, I. Bouzou Moussa, B. Cappelaere, J. Demarty, et al.. AMMA-CATCH, a critical zone observatory in West Africa monitoring a megion in transition. Vadose Zone Journal, Soil science society of America - Geological society of America., 2018, 17 (1), ⟨10.2136/vzj2018.03.0062⟩. ⟨ird-02153117v2⟩

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